1. Starting Material
- Naloxone

2. **Step 1: Reduction

- Reagent: Sodium Borohydride (NaBH4) - Solvent: Ethanol or THF (Tetrahydrofuran) - Condition: Room temperature

Instructions:

1. Dissolve NaBH4 in ethanol or THF.
2. Add naloxone to the solution.
3. Stir the mixture at room temperature until the reaction is complete.

Reaction:

3. Step 2: Modify Structure

-Remove Allyl Group: - Reagent: Hydrogen Gas (H2)
- Catalyst: Palladium on Carbon (Pd/C)
- Condition: Hydrogenation vessel or high-pressure setup

Instructions 1. Place the reaction mixture in a hydrogenation vessel.
2. Add Pd/C catalyst.
3. Introduce hydrogen gas and stir under pressure until the allyl group is removed.

- Methylation
- Reagent: Methyl Iodide (CH3I)
- Base: Sodium Hydride (NaH)
- Solvent**: Anhydrous DMF (Dimethylformamide)
- **Condition**: Elevated temperature

Instructions: 1. Dissolve sodium hydride in anhydrous DMF.
2. Add methyl iodide to the solution.
3. Heat the mixture to facilitate the methylation reaction.

4. Step 3: Final Adjustments

- formation of Ether Bridge:
- Reagent: Acid chloride or alkyl halide
- Solvent: Anhydrous
- Condition: As per specific reagent instructions

Instructions: 1. Add the appropriate reagent to the intermediate compound.
2. Stir under anhydrous conditions until the ether bridge forms.

Final Product
- Morphine